Wisdom tooth infections — clinically called pericoronitis when they involve the gum tissue around a partially erupted wisdom tooth — can escalate quickly. Recognizing the warning signs early is critical.
Why Wisdom Teeth Get Infected
Wisdom teeth (third molars) often do not fully erupt — they remain partially covered by gum tissue (the operculum). This creates a pocket where food, bacteria, and plaque accumulate and are difficult to clean. When bacteria multiply in this pocket, infection develops. Fully impacted wisdom teeth can also develop infections (dentigerous cysts) within the bone.
Warning Signs to Watch For
Signs of a wisdom tooth infection include: throbbing pain in the back of the mouth or jaw, swelling around the jaw or cheek, pain when biting or opening the mouth, a bad taste or odour in the mouth, difficulty opening the mouth (trismus), swollen lymph nodes under the jaw, and fever. Any combination of these symptoms warrants a prompt call to your dentist.
When It Becomes an Emergency
Facial swelling that spreads toward the throat or eye, difficulty swallowing or breathing, and high fever are signs that the infection may be spreading beyond the local site. This is a medical emergency — go to the emergency room immediately if you experience these symptoms.
Treatment Options
Early pericoronitis is treated with cleaning under the operculum, irrigation, and sometimes antibiotics. Recurring infections in the same area typically indicate the wisdom tooth should be extracted. At Smileworks Dental in Calgary, we assess wisdom teeth at your regular check-ups and address concerns before they become emergencies.